pitman



Dec. 9, 1941. H. L. PITMAN 2,265,743

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed April 20, 1938 8 Sheets-Sheet l v NTOR L. PiTMAN ATTORN EY Dec. 9, 1941. H. L. PETYMAN 2,265,743

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed April 20, 1938 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR HENRY L. PlTMAN BYK"; I

ATTORN EY Dec. 9, 1941. H. 1.. PETMAN 2,265,743

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed April 20, 1938 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR HENRY L. PITMAN TTORNEY Dec. 9, 1941. PlTMAN 2,265,743

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed April 20, 1938 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 FIC.6 000 0000000000000 000000000000 000000000000 00000 0000000000 SPACE 21/ OOCDOOO OH 3 O 0 $4 N 8 INVENTOR HENRY L. PITMAN ATTORNEY Dec. 9, 1941. H. L. PITMAN 2,265,743

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed April 20, 1938 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 I a r" 50 r INVENTOR HENRY L. PITHN L ATTORNEY Dec. 9, 1941. H. L. PITMAN 2,265,743

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed April 20, 1938 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 FIG. 8 56 //4 M II If!!!" Q Y Q" HENRY L.PITMAN ATTORNEY 9, 1941. H. PITMAN COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed April 20, 1938 8 Sheets-Sheet '7 TORNEY 7 INVENTOR HENRY L. PITMAN BY Dec. 1941- H. L. PITMAN 2,265,743

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed April 20, 1938 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 FIG. l2

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EEEIEEIEEIEIEQEIEEIE] A INVENTOR HENRY- L P ITMAN [M TTORNEY Patented Dec. 9, 1941 COMBINED Henry L. Pitman, Hartfo Underwood Elliott Fisher TYPIWII'I'ING AND COMPUTING MACHINE iLCo m dmr-to Inpany, New York,

N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application April :0, 1m, Serial No. 203,118 4 Claims. (01. ass-1:0)

This invention relates to typing machines, and

deals with control-mechanism by means of which it is made certain automatically that only a particular one or more of a complement of digitkeys, types, or digit-indexers, and no others, can be used at a predetermined letter space or denominational position of the typing carriage.

The invention is herein explained with reference to a combined typing and computing machine of the Underwood-Hanson class wherein, at operation of digit type-keys to type an amount, digit by digit, digit-indexers are concomitantly operated so that the amount is set up in computing-wheel drivers or register-bars that are denominationally selected under control of the typing carriage; the register-bars being subsequently cycled to run the indexed amount into computins wheels.

In a machine of this class, adapted for computing in sterling money denominations, no typekey or digit-indexer other than that for the digit 1 need ever be used when the typing carriage is at the position for typing or indexing in the tensoi-shillings denomination, since no number of shillings higher than 19 is ever typed or indexed.

Similarly, when the carriage is at the position for typing or indexing at the farthings denomination, no type-key or indexer other than for 1, 2 or 3 farthings need ever be used.

In one form of the invention, the digit typekeys and indexers for 1, 2 and 3 are also used for typing and indexing farthings in that said typekeys may operate either lower-case types for printing the digits 1-3 or upper-case types for printing the fractions V4, V2, /4 to express fractional pence or farthings.

In another form of the invention the digits may be typed in either one of two styles to distinguish, for example, credit and debit amounts, one style being expressed by lower-case types that are normally used, and the other style being expressed by upper-case types selected through operation of a case-shift mechanism. In this form of the invention the digit-keys 1-3 are not available for typing farthings-expre'ssing fractions in upper case. Therefore, three other keys are provided and may be restricted to typing only farthings; and, further, these three keys may type and express farthings in either one of said two styles to distinguish credit and debit sterling amounts.

An object, in either form of the invention, is to provide a reliably operative and durable keylocking structure adapted to insure that none but the appropriate portion of type-keys can be operated when the carriage is at the position for typing in such denominations as tens-of-shillings, or farthings.

Another object in the first-mentioned form of the invention is to have all the amount-typing keys primarily and automatically locked by reason of the carriage being at the i'arthings denomination. This apprises the typist of the need to caseshift to determine typing and expressing the farthings by means of the digit-keys 1-3 and the upper-case fraction types.

Another object is that pursuant to the operation of the case-shaft mechanism for typing with the upper-case fraction types by means of the digit-keys 1-3, only these keys shall be left unlocked, leaving the remaining digit-keys looked as long as the carriage is at the i'arthings-denomination position.-

An object in the second form of the invention employing three extra farthings keys, for 1, 2 and 3 farthings, besides the digit-keys 1-3, is that either the digit-keys 1-3, or the farthings keys for 1, 2 or 3 farthings, may operate, respectively, the same digit indexers 1-3 in the computing mechanism.

Another object in the second form of the invention is to have all the numeral keys, including the three extra farthings keys, locked at a tensoi-shillings-denomination position of the carriage, except the key for typing the digit 1; and to have all the numeral keys, except said three iarthings keys, locked when the carriage is at a farthings-denomination position.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional side elevation of the combined typing and computing machine including parts embodying the invention.

Figure 2 is a perspective, showing the arrangement of the key-locking mechanism for the amount keys whereof digit-keys l-I, operable in lower case, are also used for typing the farthings in upper case.

Figure 3 is a perspective, showing an arrangement of key-locking mechanism for a set of keys that includes, besides the digit-keys 1-3, separate keys for typing the farthings.

Figure 4 is a side view diagram illustrating said separate keys for the farthings.

Figure 5 is a keyboard diagram wherein, in addition to a row of amount or digit-keys, there are three separate keys for farthings.

6 is a keyboard diagram wherein the digit-keys 1-3, operable in lowercase, are used in upper case for typing farthings. v

Figure 7 is a perspective of the carriage and case-shift mechanism and including carriageoperated jacks of the denomination-selecting mechanism, and connections from certain ones of said jacks to the key-locking mechanism,.the view being sectioned in part for clarity.

Figure 8 is a large-scale perspective, illustrating connections whereby certain jacks control the key-locking mechanism.

Figure 9 is a diagram of elements adapted to lock different ones of the Figure amount keys at different denominations of the carriage.

Figure 10 is a diagram similar to Figure 9 but showing key-locking elements adapted for amount keys of the Figure 6 keyboard.

Figure 11 is a plan-view diagram of a sterlingcomputing-register mechanism in the computing base shown at Figure 1.

Figure 12 is a diagram of the complement of numeral types showing upper-case types for farthings on the same type-bars that include the digit-types 1, 2, 3.

Figure 13 is a diagram of the complement of numeral types wherein lower-case types, including farthings types, and upper-case types, including farthings types, are of different styles to distinguish different kinds of amounts.

A typewriter unit T, Figure 1, is mounted upon a computing base CE. The typewriter frame 26 has front and rear rails 2| upon which a typingcarriag 22 reciprocates. Depression of any numeral-type-key lever 23 about a fulcrum 24 acts through a bell-crank 25 to swing a type-bar 26 upwardly and rearwardly about fulcrum 27 to print against a platen 26 journaled in a frame 26 supported in known manner by the carriage 22 for-up and down case-shift movement with the platen.

A case-shift rail 32 forms part of a frame-33 including a rear cross-rod 36 at which said frame is pivoted at its sides to the typewriter frame 26 for turning clockwise from the Figure 1 normal position to a position wherein the rail 32 is elevated and has thereby, through engaging a roll 35 on the platen frame 29, elevated the latter to upper-case position to receive impressions from upper-case types 36 instead of from lower-case types 317.

Each type-bar 26 causes a universal bar 36 to be actuated to reciprocate escapement dogs 39 relatively to an escapement wheel 66 thereby causing a spring motor 4| to advance the carriage 22 in a letter-feed step by means of an escapement-wheel pinion 42 and a pinion-engaging rack 43 on the carriage.

At the depression of any numeral-key lever 26 a pendent rod 45 thereon engages an arm 46 of a corresponding one of a series of rock-shafts 67. to

rock the shaft to depress a corresponding one of a series of indexing bars 48, each rock-shaft t1 engaging, as at 46, a bar 56 to move the latter endwise and thereby, through end bell-cranks 5|, Figures 1 and 7, depress the corresponding indexing bar 48.

Register-bars 52 in the computing base are normally in such position that depressible index pins'53 thereon are out of the paths of descent of the indexing bars 48, as in Figure 1. The reg-, ister-bars are slightly advanceable seriatim, under denomination-selection control of the carriage, against spring devices 54, to bring their pins 53 under the indexing or pin-setting bars 48.

guides 51 and lower guides 58 in a housing 59' attached to the typewriter frame 26. Aligned with the set of denomination jacks 56 is a companion set of thrust rods 60 in the computing base, the latter having a rack 62 for slidably guiding said thrust rods at their upper ends. Each thrust rod works, at the depression of the corresponding jack 56, to rock an individual bellcrank 63 to move forwardly a master rack 64. Each master rack 64 is connected, as at 65, to a corresponding one of a set of transverse blades 66 adapted to be rocked forwardly individually about their lower edges, rockably retained as at 67, to move a distributive rack 66, that is opposite a corresponding register-bar 52, forwardly to bring the pins 53 of the latter under the pin-setting bars 46 when the corresponding jack 56 is depressed.

Each distributive rack 68 has pivoted thereto a coupler in which is normally dropped clear of the corresponding register-bar 52. The computing base may have several sets of register-bars 52 and each set is connectible to a corresponding set of distributive racks 66 that are connected, like the master racks 64, to the single set of transverse blades 66.

A register-bar set is selected, under control of the carriage, by raising into operative alignment therewith, the set of couplers E6 of the corresponding distributing racks 66. For each computing zone, the carriage carries one or more register-selecting tappets H to engage and depress, selectively at a computing zone one or more cam-plates l2 slidably guided in the housing 59, the several cam-plates engaging at their lower ends, as diagrammatically represented by the dot-and-dash line 13, Figure 1, thrust rods 14, guided at 66 in the computing base. The depression of a cam-plate 12 and corresponding thrust rod 74 operates, through a corresponding linkage F5, to rock a corresponding shaft i6 which, through a crank TI, raises a plate 16 to raise a corresponding set of couplers 1.6 into operative alignment with the corresponding set of register-bars 52.

The several rock-shafts 16, one for each set of register-bars, are journaled in a cross-member 86, Figure 1, of the computing-base frame, which also supports a frame 8! slidably mounting the master and distributive racks 64, 66, and rockably mounting the cross blades 66. The coupler-lifting plate 16 is slidably guided by means of studs 82 in a plate 63 that slidably supports the register-bars 52.

The carriage may be tabulated denominationally to a computing zone by raising the appropriate 'one of denominational stop-reeds 85 by means of its denominational tabulating-key 86 into the path of a computing zone or column stop 81 on the carriage, the carriage being released from the escapement pinion 42, for the tabulating jump, concomitantly with the raising of the stop-reed 85. The stop-reeds 85 have known connections (not shown) to their keys 86. At the tabulated-to denomination the tappet 55 depresses the corresponding jack 56 to advance slightly the master rack 64 of corresponding denomination, and, by means of the cross-blades 66, slightly advance all the distributive racks 68 of the same denomination in the several sets of For control of the register-bars denominationsaid distributive racks. This causes all the bars 52 of the same denomination, in those sets for which the couplers I have been raised to the Figure 7 position, to be slightly advanced to bring their digit pins 53 under the pin-setting bars 49. Thus, at the depression of a numeralkey lever 23 to type a digit at the selected denomination, the corresponding digit-pin-setting bar 43 depresses the corresponding digit-pin or pins 53 in each register-bar or bars that have been slightly advanced. The key 23 having been operated and the digit typed, the carriage steps, by means of the escapement mechanism, to the next denomination to depress the next Jack 59 and thereby slightly advance the next registerbar or bars of said next denomination. As the carriage leaves a depressed jack 50, the latter and the thereby advanced register-bar or bars 52 and intermediate parts become restored as by means of the spring devices 54 and master-rack springs 88. Thus, at the typing of an amount in a computing zone, the appropriate digit pins 53, for the digits of the amount, are depressed, denomination by denomination, in the set or sets of register-bars for which the couplers I0 have been raised by means of the register-selecting tappets II on the carriage.

- The digit pins 53, when depressed, project into the path of a reciprocatory general-operator cross-bar 89, Figure 1, which is cycled after the indexing operation. Side racks 90 at the sides of the computing-base frame are I connected, by means of a cross-shaft 9|, journaled in said frame, and gears (not shown) to reciprocate in unison. Said side racks 90 carry said generaloperator cross-bar for reciprocative movement. At the advance (to the left of Figure 1) of the cross-bar 89, the latter engages the depressed digit pins 53 to advance the register-bars 52 to extents corresponding to their depressed pins 53.

Computing-wheel pinions 92 are adapted to mesh either directly with racks 93 of the register-bars or with intermediate idlers 94 so as to be rotated additively or subtractively by the advance of the register-bars. The machine may have a plurality of sets of computing pinions 92 and their dials 91 as represented diagrammatically at Figure 11, and it will be understood that each set has its set of register-bars 52 and idlers 94. Carry-over devices 95, Figure 1, are adapted to advance the register-bars 52 extra carry-over steps beyond the range of movement of the general-operator cross-bar 89. Preparatory to the return stroke of the cross-bar 99 (to the right of Figure 1) the computing-pinions 92 are caused to be unmeshed from the racks 93 or idlers 94. In its return stroke, the general-operator cross-bar 89 engages shoulders 90 of the advanced registerbars to restore them to the Figure 1 position.

The totalizer-mechanism, including the register-bars 52 and computing-pinion dials 91, is adapted to compute in English or sterling money denominations. Referring to Figure 11, the first computing dial 9'! from the right of the illustrated sterling register is for farthings, the next two dials are for units pence and tens pence and are coupled by a hub 99 to rotate in unison. The next dial is individually rotatable and computes units-of-shillings; and the next dial to the unitsof-shillings dial is also individually rotatable and computes tens-of-shillings. The remainder of the dials in Figure 11, namely the first four dials from the left are each individually rotatable to compute pounds.

Each dial 91 has attached thereto its individual pinion 92 to mesh with the rack 93 of the corresponding register-bar 52 or with the idler 94 that meshes with such rack; except that the two pence dials 97 that are coupled together by the hub 99 have a common pinion 32 attached to the units-of-pence dial and meshing with the pence register-bar rack 93 or its idler 94. The farthings computing pinion 92 and the pence computing pinion 92 and their respective racks 93 and idlers 94 are adapted for twelve steps of rotation in a revolution of each of said pinions. The farthings dial has four steps between recurring zero positions and, therefore, its register-bar 52 has four index pins, including a zero pin. The coupled pence dials have twelve steps of rotation from zero to zero, and, therefore, the pence register-bar 52 has twelve index pins, including a zero pin. The tens-oi-shillings dial has two steps between recurring zeros and its register-bar 52 therefore has two index pins, including a zero pin. Each of the other registerbars in the set drives a ten step dial and, therefore, has ten index pins 53, including a zero pin. The arrangement, Figure 11, is such that, normally all the zero pins stand in a transverse row. The 1 pins stand in a succeeding transverse row, and so on up to the 9 pins. The 10 and 11 pins of the pence bar stand ordinally in succession behind the 9 row of index pins.

The general-operator cross-bar 89 has an idle period at the beginning of its advance stroke, before it may pick up the highest or 9 pin of any ten-pin register-bar 52. This idle period affords time for meshing the computing pinions 92 either with the register-bar racks 93 or with the idlers 94 before the general operator advances any register-bars. The general-operator cross-bar 89 has a nine-step range of movement after engaging any 9 pin 53. But during this nine-step movement, the general-operator crossbar 89 must be capable of advancing the pence register-bar eleven steps. In order to do this, an auxiliary bar I00, generally similar to and mounted for reciprocatory movement like the register-bars, is disposed to the left of the pence register-bar 52, Figure 11, and has a laterallyprojecting tab I02, Figure 1, standing behind the II pence pin. Said auxiliary bar has a rack I03 meshing with a sector I04 pivoted as at ill to the general-operator cross-bar 89. Said sector I04 has an arm I05 extending downwardly and normally engaging a fixed stop I00 as in Figure 1. At the first part of the advance of the general-operator cross-bar 99 the sector I04 rolls idly along the auxiliary bar rack I03 and finally stops against the top of the general-operator cross-bar 89. This idle movement of the sector I04 corresponds to the idle period or said first part of the general-operator advance, and affords time for meshing the computing pinions with the racks 93 or idlers 94. Further movement of the general-operator cross-bar 89 then carries the auxiliary bar I00 along so that its tab I02 picks up and advances the pence register-bar 52 by means of whichever pin 53 is set in the latter. Near the end of the generaloperator advance, the sector arm I05 encounters an arm I01 of a carry-over lever I00 fulcrumed on a stationary rod mounted in the framework. The completion of the forward movement of the general-operator cross-bar after such encounter of arm I05 with arm I01, causes the sector I04 to be rotated counter clockwise of Figure 1 sufiiciently to advance the auxiliary bar I00 and pence register bar 52 two steps in addition to their advance resulting from the nine-step advance of the general-operator cross-bar 89.

At a carry-over step from farthings to pence, the farthings wheel rocks a carry-over trip lever I09 to trip a latchbar H6 connected to the register-bar 52.

The jacks 56 correspond to the sterling denominations of the described register, Figure 11, and range in descending denominational order from right to left. the right, Figure 8, are pounds denominations jacks. The next jack III is a punctuation-space jack. The next two jacks 56 are the tens-ofshillings jack and the units-of-shillings jack. The latter is followed by another punctuationspace jack H2. The next jack 56 is the pence jack; and the last jack, shown engaged by the tappet 55, Figure 8', is the farthingsjack. The master racks 64 have the same descending order, from right to left, as the jacks 56, and this order is transposed in the set or sets of distributive racks 68, by transposing the order of connections of the latter to the cross-blades 66 relative to the connections 65 of the' master rocks 64 to said cross-blades.

A jack H3 has a pin-and-slot connection M4 to a cycle-trip lever H5 pivoted on the typewriter framework and engaged by a cycle-trip tooth I I6 on the carriage in the step that the latter leaves the farthings jack 56. Said jack H3, when depressed by means of said tooth H6 and lever H5, works through a thrust rod II! and. a bell-crank II8, Figure 7, engaging a 1ever comprising an arm M9 connected by a yoke H9 to an arm H9 Figure 1, said lever being loosely fulcrumed on a rod I20 mounted in the computing base, to rock a cycle-trip shaft i2I journaled in the computing base and connected to said lever as at I22, Figure 1. Mechanism, not shown, responds to the rocking of said shaft I2I to effect Thus, the first four jacks from.

ulating key and stopmechanism maybe as shown in Patent 1,858,447 to W. F. Helmond dated May 17, 1932. Denomination-selection of the registerbars by means of cross-blades such as 66 is substantially like that in Patent 2,090,852 to H. L. Pitman, dated August 24, 1937. The Pitman patent, 1,927,951, dated September 26, 1933, describes additive or subtraction operation of the computing pinions by the register-bars and the carry-over devices, The jack-silencing mechanism is substantially like that described in my co-pending application, .Serial No. 72,348, filed April 2, 1936, now'Patent No. 2,160,487, dated May 30, 1939; and my co-pending application, Serial No. 654,057, filed January 28, 1933, now Patent No. 2,156,481, dated May 2, 1939, describes more fully the mechanism for advancing the pence bar eleven steps by the nine-step movement of the general-operator cross-bar 89.

The key mechanism and key-locking mechanism will now be described with reference to the described sterling register mechanism.

Referring to Figures 2, 6 and 10, twelve numeral keys I33 ranging in value from 0 to 11 are provided. Each key I33 has its key-lever 23 having-the pendent rod 45; and there are also provided twelve of the pin-setting bars 48 depressible by means of the rods 45. The keys from 0 to 9 are used for typing (lower case) and indexing pence, shillings and pounds from 0 to 9.

. The 1 key is used for indexing 1 at the tens-ofa single revolution cycle of a shaft I23 iour- I26, to displace a cam-arm 527, fixed to a rock-.

shaft I28 journaled in the framework, and thereby rock said shaft E26 to withdraw a latch I29, carried by said shaft I26, from a latch-- plate I30 fixed to a rock-shaft I3I journaled in the framework. The resultant rocking of said shaft I3I clockwise of Figure 1 displaces the bell-cranks 63 rearwardly to disable the jacks 56 and also disables the linkage I5 to disable the cam-plates 12, as will be obvious from Fi ure 1. In the cycling of the shaft I23 a cam roll I23 thereon operates to restore the latchplate I30 to the Figure 1 latched position, thereby restoring effectiveness of the jacks 56 and camplates "I2. The cycling of said shaft I23 is effected at upward movement of the lever I25 engaging a pawl I32 to rock the cycle-trip rockshaft I2I.

The foregoing description of the machine will be found sufficient for an understanding of the invention relating to the key and key-locking mechanisms to be described presently. The tabshillings gdenomination of a sterling amount and,

concomitantly typing 1 in lower case on the corresponding type-bar 26. The keys from 1 to 3 are used also for indexing the farthings pins 53 in the farthings register-bar 52, Figure 11, and concomitantly typing farthings with upper-case characters 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4, provided on the same type-bars 26 that ordinarily type the numbers 1 to 3 in lower case. The keys I33 marked 10d and 11d are used only for setting respectively the 10 and 11 pins 53 in the pence register-bar 52, Figure 11, and concomitantly typing 10 or 11 with lower-case characters on the corresponding type-bars 26 at a pence denomination of a sterling amount.

Referring now to Figures 7 and 8, the punctuation-space jacks III, II2 have each a pin-andslot connection I34 to a bail I 35 pivoted as at I36 to the housing 59. Said bail I35 also has a pin-and-slot connection I34 to a dummy jack I 37 slidable in the housing 59 and engaging at its lower end a thrust rod I38 pivoted to a bellcrank I39. Thus, at depression of either punctuation-space jack III or II2 by the carriage tappet 55 at a punctuation-space position of the carriage, said dummy jack I3'I is depressed, thereby rocking the bell-crank I39 clockwise of Figure 7, to rock a lever I 40 fulcrumed on the rod I20, clockwise. The lever I40, thus rocked clockwise, draws rearwardly a link I4I to rock a shaft I43, journaled in the computing base, counter-clockwise of Figures 1 and 7, thereby lifting an arm I44 fixed to said rock-shaft I43. By its lift said arm I44 rocks. a lever I46, pivoted on a plate I45, Figure l or 2, counter-clockwise of Figure 2 to thereby interpose a tongue I48 of said lever into a row of lock-elements I49, Figures 1, 2 and 10. The row of lock-elements I49 is retained in a groove I50 of a cross-bar I5I fixed to the typewriter-frame and having the plate I45 over said groove to retain the lock-elements. The row of lock-elements is confined at its ends as by means of stops I52 so that a space between any two lock-elements can be spread only far It is desired, nevertheless,

enough to admit a shoulder I53 formed on each of the pendent rods 66. The row of lock-elements I63 is split as at I56, Figure 10, to admit the tongue I68 of the lever I66, and when said tongue is admitted at I56, through depression of either one of the punctuation-jacks III, II2, the row of lock-rods is closed against admission of the shoulder I53 of any of the pendent rods 65, thereby substantially looking all of the twelve numeral keys I33, their key-levers 23 and indexing pendent rods 65 against depression at a punctuation-space of the carriage. Each pendent rod 66 passes through a clearanceor guide slot I55 in the lock-element retaining-bar II to dispose its lower end in operating range of the corresponding arm 66 of the pin-setting mechanism.

The farthings jack 56, when depressed by the tappet 55, as in Figure 8, operates the described all-keys-locking mechanism when the platen is in lower-case position, in order to apprise the typist of the need to shift to upper case for typing the farthings characters 1/4, 1/2, or 3/4. For this purpose a stud I51 on the farthings Jack 56 serves, when the latter is depressed, to depress an interponent bar I58 adapted to engage a lateral tome I53 on the punctuation-space jack I I2, thereby depressing the latter and the dummy jack I31 to interpose the tongue I68'between the lock elements I63 to lock all of the keys I 33 and their corresponding key-levers 23, pendent indexing rods 65 and type-bars 26.

Said interponent bar I58 is linked at I66 to an arm I6I fixed to the cross-rod 36 of the caseshift frame 33. Thus, when the latter is rocked, clockwise of Figures 1 and '7, to upper-case position by depressing a farthings case-shift keylever I62 about its fulcrum I63, Figure 7, said interponent bar I58 is drawn forwardly to bring an end-reducing cam bevel I66 thereof under the farthings jack stud I51 to permit a punctuation-jack restoring spring I65 on the bail I36 to restore the lacks II2, III, I31 and thereby permit restoration of the lever I66 as by a spring I66, Figure I, to retract the tongue I68 of said lever from key-locking engagement between the lock-elements I63.

It will be perceived now that all the numeral keys have first been locked by means of the farthings jack 56 and lock-elements I63 when the platen is in lower case and the carriage is at a farthings denomination. This apprises the typist of the need for case-shifting preparatory to typing farthings in upper case. It will further be perceived that depression of the farthings caseshift key-lever I 62 unlocks not only the three keys allotted for farthings, but also unlocks all of the other numeral keys through retraction of the tongue I 68 from the lock-elements I63. to have all of said other keys (the last 9 keys to the right of Figure 2) locked while the farthings keys are operable so that none of said other vertently operated. This is accomplished by an auxiliary key-locking mechanism which will now be described.

The distributive rack 68, Figure farthings denomination, has an arm a pin-and-slot connection fixed to a rock-shaft I1I I12 mounted on bars I13 suitably fixed, as by attachment to the frame 8|. Another arm I16 fixed to said rock-shaft "I has a pin-and-slot connection I 15 to a link I16. A spring I11 yieldably holds the pin and one end of the slot of 2, for the I68 having I63 to an arm I16 journaled in brackets keys may be inad- Y I31 to another arm I38 that the pin-setting mechanism. Said bell-crank hasa pin-and-slot connection I86, Figure 2, to a transverse key-locking bar I resting slidably on another key-locking bar I86 that is provided fora purpose to be described later. Said latter key-locking bar I 86, rests slidably on studs I81 projecting from the frame I82, and may also rest slidably on a shelf I88, Figure 10, attached to said frame I82 and having a pin-and-slot connection I83 to said bars I85, I36 adapted to permit endwise movement of and slidably retain said bars laterally. Each bar I85, I 86 has cutouts or notches I36 so that in the normal or non-locking position of said bars, as shown at line A of the Figure 10 diagram, spurs I 3I, Figure 2, of the pendent key-lever rods 65 may pass said bars I85, I86 freely, through said notches, and thus normally permit any one of all the numeral key-levers 23 to be actuated.

The clockwise displacement of the bell-crank I13, through depression of the farthings jack 56, shifts the key-locking bar I85 leftward to a position relatively to the pendent rods 65 as in the line B of the Figure 10 diagram. The notches I36 and adjacent unnotched portions I32 of the key-bar I85 are so proportioned that in said line B position the spurs I3I on the pendent rods 65 for the farthings keys I33, namely, the first three keys from the left of Figure 10, are free to pass the key-locking bar I85 in said position, while the unnotched portions I32 adjacent the notches I36 associated with the pendent rods 65 of the remaining nine keys are under the spurs I3I of these latter rods 66 and thus prevent operation of any one of said nine keys when the farthings keys are operable.

The underlying bar I86 is for looking all but the l key-lever 23 when the carriage is at the tensof-shillings denomination of a computing zone and has therefore depressed the tens-of-shillings denomination jack 66. The distributive rack 66, Figure 2, associated with said tens-of-shillings Jack has an arm I86 having a pin-and-slot connection I35 to an arm I36 loosely fulcrumed on the rock-shaft HI and connected by' a yoke is also loosely fulcrumed on saidrock-shaft "I. Said arm I38 is connected by a pin-and-slot connection I15 and spring I11 to a link tion of the link I16 to the arm I16. Said link I33 is articulated as at 266 to a bell-crank 26I underlying the bell-crank I13 and fulcrumed on the same pivot I86. Said bell-crank 26I has a pin-and-slot connection 262 to the lower keylocking bar I86.

Thus, when the tens-of-shillings jack 56 is depressed and the tens-of-shillings distributive rack 68 is consequently slightly advanced, the arms I36, I38 are rocked clockwise on the shaft I1I pulling the link I33 rearwardly to turn the bellcrank 26I clockwise of Figure 2 and thereby shift the lower key-locking bar I66 leftward to a position relatively to the pendent rods 65 as illustrated in line C of the Figure 10 diagram. In said line 0 position, unnotched portions I32 of I33 similarly to the connecthe bar I08 are under the spurs I9I of all the pendent rods 45 associated with the last eleven keys to the right of Figure 10, while the notch I90 for the 1 key and made wide enough, permits the spur I9! of the pendent rod 45 for said 1 key to pass said lower key-locking bar I86. Thus it is provided that none of the twelve keys but the 1 key may be operated when the carriage is at the tens-of-shillings denomination of a computing zone since no numeral higher than the l is ever typed at such denomination.

It may be observed here that the all-keys-locking mechanism, comprising the lever I 36, its tongue I48 and the lock-elements I69, does not function at the tens-of-shillings denomination, it being suflicient for proper operation of the keys to merely lock all the keys but the 1 key as described at said denomination.

When the carriage leaves the tens-of-shillings denomination, or the farthings denomination, and thereby releases the corresponding jacks 56, the spring 88, associated with the corresponding master rack 65, co-operates to restore the corresponding distributive rack 68 and the described key-locking train extending therefrom.

Instead of typing farthings by means of uppercase types A,, /g, A, that are on the same typebars 2% that have, respectively, the lower-case types 1, 2 and 3 as represented in the complement of numeral types diagrammed at Figure 12, the farthings may be typed by means of three farthings keys 205 that are additional to the twelve numeral keys 133 in the back row of the keyboard and may be disposed in the bottom row of the latter, Figures 3, 4, 5 and 9. Thus, the farthings may be typed without necessarily shifting the platen to upper case and, further, the

farthings as well as the numerals from 0 to 11 may be typed in lower case in one style and in upper case in a different style as represented by the type-complement diagram, Figure 13, the different styles serving to distinguish, for example, debit amounts from credit amounts on a work sheet.

The three farthings keys 206 may be so disposed in the lower keyboard row that their keylevers 23 are adjacent the key-levers 23 for the 1, 2 and 3 keys in the upper keyboard row. Thus, pendent rods 205 on such additional farthings key-levers are disposed alongside of the pendent rods for the 1, 2 and 3 keys of the upper row in orderto engage, respectively, the

same arms d5 of the l, 2 and 3 pin-setting linkages. Each pendent rod 205 may have a lateral projection 203, Figure 3, extending in front of the lower end of the companion pendent rod 45 so that, like the latter, the pendent rod 205 may engage the arm 46 near its end.

In such additional-farthings-keys arrangement, each of the several pendent rods 45 and 205 has a spur I91 to co-operate with an upper key-locking bar 206 and an underlying key-locking bar 201. As represented in Figure 3, the keylocking bars 206, 201, respectively, are controlled by means of the farthings-denomination distributive rack 68 and the tens-of-shillings-denomination distributive rack 68, the connections between said racks 68 and bars 206, 201 being similar to those seen in Figure 2 and the parts of said connections being accordingly indicated, respectively, by the same reference numbers as in Figure 2.

The key-lockingbars 206 and 201 have notches 208 adapted so that in the normal positions of said bars, line A, Figure 9, the spur I9l of any one of the endent 'mds A5 or 205 may pass therethrough to pass said bars freely, thus permitting operation of any of the numeral keys in either the back row or front keyboard row.

When the carriage is at the farthings denomination of a computing zone and has depressed the farthings jack 56, the upper-key bar 2% is consequently moved leftward to the position, line B, Figure 9, so that unnotched portions 209 of said upper bar 206 block descent of all pendent rods but the pendent rods 205 associated with the additional farthings keys 204 thereby permitting operation of only these keys at the farthings denomination.

When the carriage is at the tens-of-shillings denomination of a computing zone and has depressed the tens-of-shillings jack 56, the lower key-locking bar 201 is consequently moved leftward to the position, line C, Figure 9, thereby blocking descent of all the pendent rods :35, 205, except the pendent rod Q5 associated with the 1 key in the back row.

The all-keys-locking mechanism, comprising the lever I 56, its tongue Hi8 and the key-locking elements M9, does not function to compel an operation of the case-shift mechanism at a farthings-denomination position of the carriage since the extra-keys 206 for farthings may be operated for typing farthings in lower case as well as in upper case at such denomination. Therefore, it will be understood there need be no provision, with the arrangement using the extra farthings keys 26 3, of a connection between the farthings jack 56 and the case-shift frame 33 such as is represented by the parts ISl-itl of Figure '1. With said arrangement the key-locking elements its may be split as at 2H3, Figure 9, to permit passage of the spurs Isl of the pendent rods 205 of the'extra iarthings keys 20%. When the carriage is at a punctuation-space position and has depressed the punctuation-space jack III or N2, the tongue N88 is consequently caused to be interposed at I5 5 thereby looking all the keys I33 in the upper row and also locking the three extra farthings keys 20% in the lower row of the keyboard. I

When it is desired to type in upper case by means of any of the numeral keys I33 or 204 without computing, a case-shift key-lever 2, Figure 7, is depressed about its fulcrum 2i? to rock the shift frame 33 through an intermediate arm 2I3, Figures 1 and 7. Said arm 213 and an arm 2 it are integral with a sleeve 2I5 that is 1'0- tatably loose on a reduced portion 2I8 of the cross-shaft 341 of the case-shift frame 33. Thus. when the right case-shift key-lever 2II is dc"- pressed to rock the shift frame 33, the arm 2 I4 is rocked counter-clockwise of Figure 7 to depress the link I26 to withdraw the latch I29 from the plate I30, Figure 1, for consequently disabling all the jacks 55, III, II2, as hereinbefore described. But when the left or farthings caseshift key-lever I62 is depressed to rock the caseshift frame 33 to upper-case position, the arm 2, being loose on the case-shift frame crossrod 34 is not actuated and, consequently, the jacks are not disabled at depression of said farthings case-shift key I62, but remain operative.

The operation of the key-locking mechanisms will be understood in detail from the foregoing descriptions and may be summarized as follows:

With either the Figure 2 or Figure 3 arrangement, the all-keys-locking mechanism, comprising the shoulders I53 associated with the several numeral keys, and the key-locking elements I49,

is operative through the jacks Ill, H2 at a punctuation-space position of the carriage, to lock all of the numeral keys. In the Figure 2 arrangement, said all-keys-locking mechanism also serves to lock, primarily, all the keys I33 when the carriage has depressed the far-things jack 56, the latter then acting upon the all-keys-iocking mechanism, to render the same effective, through the interponent bar 58 which depresses the allkeys-locking punctuation jack H2. Then, before the farthings can be typed by means of an upper-case character V or Figure 12, the farthings case-shift key-lever I62 is depressed to select said upper-case types, and, concomitantly, the interponent bar I 58 is withdrawn to release the. depressed punctuation jack H2 with consequent unlocking of the keys relatively to the key-locking elements I49. However, the farthings jack 56 remains depressed at the typing of the farthings by said upper-case characters and, therefore, the key-locking bar I85 is in the line B position, Figure 10, to lock all the numeral keys except the first three keys from the left that type the farthings in upper case. At the tens-of-shillings-denomination position of the carriage, the depression of the corresponding jack 56 serves to shift the lower key-locking bar I86 to the line C position, Figure 10, thereby locking all the numeral keys except the 1 key since the latter is the only key ever used at the tens-of-shiilings denomination.

In the Figure 3 arrangement, the all-keyslocking mechanism, comprising the spurs l9l and key-locking elements I49, does not function except at a punctuation-space position 01' the carriage. At a farthings-denomination position of the carriage, the farthings jack 56 is depressed and consequently the upper key-locking bar, 208 is shifted to the line B position, Figure 9, to lock every one of the numeral keys, except the three extra farthings key 204, it being noted that each of the keys to 11 in the back row of the keyboard is then looked. At the tens-of-shillings denomination position of the carriage, with the Figure 3 arrangement, the tens-of-shillings jack 56 is depressed and consequently the lower bar 201 is shifted to the line C position, igure 9, thereby locking all the numeral keys except the 1 key in the back row of the keyboard, it being noted that the extra keys 2 in the front row are also locked at this time.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a combined typewriting and computing machine having computing-wheel drivers, the combinationwith numeral keys, a denominationselecting carriage co-operative with said keys, denominational trains including, carriage-operated Jacks and racks intermediate said Jacks and drivers, and a mechanism for locking a predetermined portion of the number of said keys and having a connection to the rack of one of said denomination trains so as to be operable directly as by said one train.

2. In a combined typewriting and computing machine and key-locking mechanism therefor, the machine having a typing unit, including numeral-type keys and a letter-feeding carriage, surmounting a computing base having indexers corresponding to said keys, and register-bars, the combination with pendent rods extending down from said key-levers to actuate said indexers, and denominational trains operable by the carriage to shift said register-bars into index-receiving position relatively to said indexers, of spurs on said pendent rods, 9. shiftable key-locking bar adapted to clear normally said spurs of said pendent rods, and means operatively connecting said bar to a part of a certain one of said denominational trains so that operation of said one train by the carriage shifts said bar into key-locking position relatively to said spurs.

3. In a combined typewriting and computing machine and key-locking mechanism therefor, the machine having a typing unit, including numeral-type keys and a letter-feeding carriage, surmounting a computing base having indexers corresponding to said keys, and register bars, the combination with pendent rods extending down from said key-levers to actuate said indexers, and denominational trains operable by the carriage to shift said register-bars into index-receiving position relatively to said indexers, of spurs on said pendent rods, a plurality of shiftable key-locking bars each adapted to clear normally said spurs on said pendent rods and connections operatively connecting one bar to a part of one of said denomination trains, and the other bar to a part of another one of said trains so that operation of said one or other train by the carriage shifts the corresponding bar to key-locking position relatively to said spurs, the bars being adapted individually to co-operate with difierent predetermined portions of the pendent rods to' lock different portions of the keys.

4. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a series of numeral keys, indexing members corresponding to and operable by said keys, and a carriage cooperative with said keys to feed step by step in respect to indexable denominations of a computing zone, of a permutative locking mechanism for said keys including, a plurality of locking bars superimposed one upon another and spanning all of said members, said bars being formed with permutative recessed and unrecessed portions and being normally positioned so that recessed portions clear all of said members for free operation of the latter, said bars being individually movable endwise from their normal positions so that their unrecessed portions block operation of at least some or said members, each bar serving to block a different collection of said series of members, and means enabling the carriage to effect endwise movement of one bar at a predetermined one of said denominations and of another bar at another one of said denominations.

HENRY L. PITMIAN. 

